The vulcanization reaction principle of the conveyor belt vulcanizing machine is that through heating and pressurization, rubber molecules undergo chemical reactions with vulcanizing agents to form stable chemical bonds, thereby transforming the rubber from a linear structure to a three-dimensional network structure and improving its physical and chemical properties. The following is the specific analysis:
During the vulcanization reaction process, rubber molecules undergo cross-linking reactions with vulcanizing agents (such as sulfur) under high temperature and high pressure conditions. Sulfur, as a vulcanizing agent, forms single sulfur bonds, double sulfur bonds or polysulfur bonds between or within rubber molecules, among which polysulfur bonds are dominant. This cross-linking reaction enables rubber molecules to form a three-dimensional network structure, significantly enhancing the strength, wear resistance, aging resistance and acid and alkali resistance of rubber.
The vulcanization reaction is usually divided into three stages: the induction stage, the crosslinking reaction stage and the network structure formation stage. During the induction stage, sulfur molecules react with the accelerator system to form active intermediate compounds, further inducing the chain reaction of rubber molecular chains. During the crosslinking reaction stage, crosslinking bonds are formed between the rubber molecular chains, and the network structure gradually takes shape. During the formation stage of the network structure, cross-linked chains undergo reactions such as dislocations and cleavage, eventually forming a stable network structure.
The conveyor belt vulcanizing machine ensures that the vulcanization reaction takes place under the optimal conditions by controlling temperature, pressure and vulcanization time. The vulcanization temperature is usually between 145℃ and 150℃, and the vulcanization pressure does not exceed 1.5MPa. The vulcanization time is set according to the material and thickness of the conveyor belt, generally ranging from 30 to 60 minutes. By precisely controlling these parameters, the vulcanizing machine can ensure the vulcanization quality of the conveyor belt joints, endowing them with sufficient strength and stability to meet the usage requirements under high loads and harsh environments.